Oxford referencing style is a system for citing sources used in a text by incorporating footnotes into the text. To use Oxford style, a writer cites their sources using footnotes that direct the reader to a list of citations at the bottom of the page for more details about the reference source.
Footnotes
Footnotes are numbered sequentially throughout the text, starting with 1. The number is placed in superscript at the end of the sentence or phrase that is being cited. The footnote itself is placed at the bottom of the page, flush with the left margin.
The format for a footnote is as follows:
Author's last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of work. Publisher, place of publication. Page number(s).
For example:
Smith, J. (2000). The history of the world. Oxford University Press, Oxford. pp. 10-15.
Bibliography
The bibliography is a list of all the sources that have been cited in the text. It is placed at the end of the document, after the footnotes. The bibliography is formatted in alphabetical order by the author's last name.
The format for a bibliography entry is as follows:
Author's last name, initial(s). (Year). Title of work. Publisher, place of publication.
For example:
Smith, J. (2000). The history of the world. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Examples
Book
Smith, J. (2000). The history of the world. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Journal
Jones, A. (2001). The effects of climate change on the environment. Journal of Environmental Studies, 12, 34-45.
Website
The World Health Organization. (2023). COVID-19. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19
